小规格钛棒的超声检测工艺研究-无损检测专业毕业论文

摘  要

钛合金棒材在航空工业中使用十分广泛，比如航空发动机的压气机叶片等，其质量好坏将严重影响叶片的使用性能和安全性，因此钛合金棒材超声检测技术的研究将对航空发动机叶片制造质量水平的提高提供有力的支持。在超声检测中，对于小规格的钛棒，存在着曲率大、声束入射情况复杂、杂波水平过高等一系列问题，如何选择合理的探伤工艺，就成为急需解决的问题。

通过对钛合金棒材试块的检测实验来对工艺进行检验，试块做好了人工反射体，经过实验表明本次选择的工艺能够满足探伤要求。按照理论计算选择的探头能够更好的进行探伤，具有较高的灵敏度和信噪比，由公式计算出的波束偏移距离和角度是符合实际情况的。采用水浸聚焦法对小规格钛棒的检测来说，是一种很适合的方法。

关键词：小规格钛棒，水浸聚焦，超声检测工艺

Abstract

In the aviation industry, the minor diameter bar of titanium alloy use very extensively, such as the vane of Press spirit machine of the aviation delivers motive. It will Serious influence the usability and security of vane. So the disquisition on ultrasonic inspection of a minor diameter  bar of titanium alloy will provide emollient support for improving the level of producing the  vane. In the field of ultrasonic inspection, there are some problem in the inspection of the bar  of titanium alloy. For example, the big curvature, the intricate Incidence of acoustic beam and  the overfull clutter and so on, how to constitute a rational technique of inspection is becoming a problem of needing solve immediately.

We validate the technique through inspecting the coupon which make of titanium alloy, the coupon have some normative artificial defect. Through the experimentation, we affirm the  technique is doable. The transducer which we choose through theoretic have the better effect, it  have better sensitivity and Signal-to-Noise. The Swept distance of beam and angle which  calculated through expressions is right. Adopting the method of immersion focusing. To the  inspection of the minor diameter bar of titanium alloy, adopting the method of immersion focusing very appropriate. 

Keywords: Technique of ultrasonic, The minor diameter bar of titanium alloy , Focus in water

目   录

1   引言

1.1 超声检测技术简介 1

1.2 水浸聚焦超声波探伤发展与应用 2

1.3 钛棒超声检测的现状和存在问题 4

1.4 本课题研究内容与意义 5

2   棒材超声探伤的理论基础

2.1 超声检测理论基础 8

2.2 小直径棒材检测理论基础 14

2.3 水浸超声波探伤的理论基础 18

3   选择工艺的介绍

3.1  检测标准 21

3.2  仪器的选择 23

3.3  探头的选择 23

3.4  试块的应用 27

3.5  钛棒探伤的实施方法 28

4   试验测试及结果分析

4.1  试验前数据准备 34

4.2  组成硬件介绍 36

4.3  实验步骤 38

4.4  试样检测结果与分析 39

4.5 实验结论 42

参考文献 43

致    谢 44