全液压多功能甘蔗收割机输送装置设计

论文编号:JX636 说明书字数:16764,页数:36 

摘      要
 随着科学技术的不断发展，农业机械化技术也发展到了一个新的水平；随着农业机械化技术的发展，的甘蔗收割机的发明成为目前各界人士关心的热点问题。
 本文介绍了甘蔗收割机的研究背景、甘蔗收获机械的研究现状，分析了甘蔗收获机械的发展对策及前景，叙述了双排甘蔗收割机的实现原理和工作过程，详细讲述了双排甘蔗收割机中提升装置、转向装置以及支撑装置的设计过程。这次和同组人员一起设计的的切段式甘蔗收割机能够更独特地更好地适应各种状态下的热带甘蔗的收割，包括倒伏和半倒伏的甘蔗。而且，该收割机在田间作相对自由运动时，不损坏甘蔗杆，也不会将甘蔗拔起。这种双排甘蔗收割机不会提前收割邻排的甘蔗，而且在田间自由运动时不会被甘蔗阻塞入口。其中本人设计的提升装置是用来提升和横向向上分离倒伏的甘蔗，并且用来支撑起倒伏的甘蔗大量的向中心线运动即收割机向着支撑起的甘蔗条往前走。转向装置用于使支撑起的甘蔗杆向中心线横向移动并且在切顶之后，甘蔗进入收割机之前对着收割机的运动方向推进甘蔗。
 总之，用机械收割甘蔗已经取得更多更广泛应用，也将代替人工收割。我也期待着能够在市场上早日看见象我们所设计的这种集专业化、智能化，自动化、敏捷化，高效化、小型化、简单化、环保化为一体的甘蔗收割机。

Abstract
 Along with the constant developing of science and technology, the world’s outfit industry level has got great advance. And along with it, the course of industrialization has been greatly pushed, and so does the  technology of farming mechanization. As a result, an invention of special cane harvester with brainpower, which is smart, has high efficiency, can realize simplification and automatization and protect the environment has become the focus of people of all classes.
 This paper introduces the research backgrounds and present situation of cane harvester and analyzes the development countermeasure in the future. Then it expatiates two-row harvester’s working theorem and procedure in detail. Besides that, the design of lifting, scroll and support mechanism are also the key parts. The chopper-type harvester of the present invention is particularly well suited for harvesting cane which includes semi-erect and lodged cane stalks common to high yield varieties of tropical sugar cane. The harvester includes a front end which allows for relatively free movement of the harvester through the field without damaging cane stalks or polling the roots of the cane out of the ground. The two-row harvester does not require cutting through each adjacent row of the cane prior to harvesting, and allows free movement of the harvester through the field without choking the intake of the cane int
 The gatherer mechanism which I have designed for lifting and transversely separating fallen cane stalks upwardly and for supporting the fallen cane stalks along substantially a gatherer centerline as the harvester moves toward the supported cane stalks. And a turnaround device for moving the supported cane stalks transvers
 ely from the gatherer centerline and for thrusting the cane stalks in the direction away from forward movement of the harvester after topping the cane
 
 stalks and prior to receiving the cane stalks into the harvester. 
 In a word, harvesting cane with machine has become more and more popular, and it will replace man force in the end. I also look forward to putting this very kind of cane harvester we designed into market as soon as possible.
 Key words: Cane harvester； Scroll support and lift mechanism；
  Turnaround mechanism

目 录
1 前言 8
2 概述 9
2.1 甘蔗收割机研究背景 9
2.1.1 农业机械概况 9
2.1.2 甘蔗生长状况 10
2.2 甘蔗收获机械的现状分析 11
2.2.1 我国甘蔗收割机械技术现状 12
2.2.2 国外甘蔗收割机械技术现状 14
2.2.3 甘蔗收割技术存在的问题 15
2.3 甘蔗收获机械的发展对策 16
2.3.1 加大政策扶持力度 16
2.3.2 加强科研单位企业与科研单位的合作 17
3 扶蔗装置 18
3.1 概况 18
3.2 本产品的扶蔗原理 19
4 输送装置的工作原理和主要参数计算方法 20
4.1 输送装置的分类及功用 20
4.2 输送装置的工作原理和主要参数计算方法 20
4.2.1 螺旋式输送器工作原理与主要参数 20
4.2.2 刮板式输送器工作原理与主要参数 22
4.2.3 抛扔器工作原理与主要参数 23
4.3 本产品输送装置的发展更新 23
5 总结及鸣谢 25
5.1 总结 25
5.1.1 先进制造技术的特点 25
5.1.2 先进机械制造技术的发展现状 26
5.1.3 我国先进机械制造技术的发展趋势 27
5.1.4 结语 28
5.2 鸣谢 28
参考文献 30